Getting Started · The ARA Role Spec

Every role,
defined as a spec.

A role isn't a process — the person holding it defines the process. ARA defines the envelope they work within: what they may decide, what they must deliver, and what they can do. Three declarative statements. One structured, readable, machine-legible spec per role.

May · Must · Can

One keyword per pillar. Each carries its own fields — the structure is identical for every role, so specs are comparable, diff-able, and auditable.

MAY

Authority

Permission · a decision

What the role is empowered to decide without asking. Bounded — every permission carries a limit and an escalation path; hard prohibitions are written as MAY NOT.

MAY [decision]
  up to [limit]
  else [escalate to]
MUST

Responsibility

Obligation · a deliverable

What the role must produce, and for whom. A deliverable and a recipient — not an activity.

MUST [deliverable]
  to [recipient]
  when [cadence]
CAN

Ability

Capability · a skill

The named skills, tools, frameworks, or certifications the role must hold to do the above. Concrete, not aspirational.

CAN [named skill / tool /
  framework / cert]
Declarative, not procedural. This says nothing about how the work flows — no steps, no sequence. It states what is true of the role. The person in it owns the process from there.

A role, in full

One complete spec makes the shape obvious — read it top to bottom and you know exactly what this role may decide, must deliver, and can do.

Sales DirectorReports to · CEO
Authority
MAY
Sign contractsup to £150,000 · example — set yours · else → CEO
MAY
Discount a saleup to 7% of value · else → CEO
MAY
Commit the quarterly sales budgetup to £50,000 / qtr · example — set yours · else → CEO
MAY
Spend the discretionary fundup to £10,000 / yr · example — set yours · else → CEO
MAY
Hire into the sales teamwithin the headcount plan · else → CEO
Responsibility
MUST
Keep the approved product list currentto → Sales Executives · when it changes
MUST
Set and allocate quarterly quotasto → Sales Executives · each quarter
MUST
Deliver the quarterly sales forecastto → CEO · quarterly
MUST
Deliver the pipeline reportto → CEO · weekly, Fri 17:00
Ability
CAN
Read and challenge pipeline data and forecasts in the CRM (e.g. Salesforce)
CAN
Build reports & dashboards in Salesforce and Excel

Browse the role library →

The three failure modes

Each maps to one missing pillar — the same failure whether the role is held by a person or an AI. Leave a pillar undefined and this is what you get.

A

Undefined authority → scope creep

A role with no authority boundaries makes decisions nobody meant to delegate — a person oversteps; an AI rewrites your CTA. Any decision taken that wasn't explicitly granted was made without authority.

R

Undefined responsibility → drift

With no clear deliverable — format, recipient, cadence — the output is technically responsive but practically useless: it answered the question asked, not the one that needed answering. Responsibility pins the output.

A

Undefined ability → generic craft

Name the skill, tool, or framework the work demands — PAS copywriting, Lean Six Sigma, Excel, Jira — and the work meets a known standard. Leave it blank and you get a generic version you have to redo.